Importance of Emotional Intelligence in Nursing :: Nursing Reflective Practice

Nurses are the caregivers in hospitals that tend to stand out in comparison with other healthcare professionals. They are constantly on the front lines of the battle to maintain an optimal environment for the wellbeing of their patients. For instance, more than a year ago, I was visiting a friend and her young daughter, who had a heart transplant before the age of two, at the Stollery Children’s hospital. I clearly saw how a nurse and her nurturing characteristics, she had shown with her young patient, distinguished her from the other health care professionals. The nurse’s exemplifying and loving interactions with her client show clear links between emotional intelligent, the child’s environment and personal knowing, one of Carper’s four patterns of knowing in nursing. During a patient’s stay in the hospital the way they interact with their environment is an important factor in their health. Burger and Goddard (2009) acknowledged that a good environment for patients meets their physical needs, and keeps them emotionally comfortable and safe (p.249). Furthermore factors such as noise, distractions and lack of privacy or space cause confusion, tension and discomfort (p.249). Although, identifying that health is influenced by environment strays away from the medical model of health which conceptualized â€Å"the body†¦ being disconnected from the mind, soul, and social and environmental contexts or settings† (Young, & Wharf-Higgins, 2009, p. 51). Health involves more than just the body, but also the mind. It has been proven there is â€Å"a relationship between the experience of chronic stress and increased susceptibility to the common cold (Williams, & Iruita, 2004, p.807). These finding strengthen the fact that the mind and bod y are connected. Generally speaking, it is significant for healthcare professional, especially nurses to monitor the environment and be aware of issues that many affect the patient physically, emotionally and mentally. In particularly with my friend’s child who had the heart transplant providing the most favorable environment is important because along with the heart transplant the child is now immune depressant. Regardless of the child being immune depressant the link between her body and her mind is noteworthy. Williams, and Iruita (2005) noted the body is influenced by psychosocial influences and that the body can produce certain type of hormone that is cause elicited by emotional status (p. 807). Moreover they wrote that stress has been related to some autoimmune disorders, and positive emotions have been discovered to boost average immunoglobulin levels (p.

Hitler’s Underestimation of the Allies

Toni Smith 12/4/09 â€Å"The Boys’ Crusade† concerning Hitler’s Underestimation of the Allied Powers In his book â€Å"The Boys’ Crusade† Paul Fussell develops the theme of Adolf Hitler’s underestimation of the Allied forces. Hitler’s failure to accurately evaluate the power of the Allied enemies led to the destruction of the Axis powers and precipitated the end of WWII. He underestimated not only the strength of the Allies, but also their determination to win, their combined cooperation, their militarial organizational skills, and their combined technological advances. This underestimation was a product of Hitler’s personal theory of German Aryan racial supremacy over other races and was commonly accepted to some degree as the social Darwinist ideas of the time. In Hitler’s eyes, Germans were a dominant species, set apart from other races by their motivation, their loyal dedication to the Fuhrer, and the strength of their willpower. Hitler believed Germans would prove themselves to be superior on the battlefield if only because of their pure racial background. The lack of discipline and the dismissive attitudes of Allied troops were factors that Hitler believed maintained the theory of racial supremacy. The Germany military, called the Wehrmacht, the SS, and the Gestapo were all strictly trained and highly disciplined units. German parades during WWII consisted of controlled marches in uniform through the streets of German cities. Nazi officials aimed to show the Aryan population the strength and pride of the German military. In contrast to the strict discipline of the Wehrmacht were the Allied forces, in specific, the American troops. They gained a reputation of general laziness including â€Å"slouching postures, gum chewing, leaning against walls when tired, keeping hands in trouser pockets, and †¦ profanity†¦Ã¢â‚¬ 1 Hitler saw the slovenly attitudes of the American troops as a solid example of the supremacy of the Aryan Germans. Fussell states that because conditions at the front line were so deplorable many psychological problems and morale issues arose. Also, a general unpreparedness of new recruits was a critical concern, which could have been avoided by training infantrymen for the psychological aspects of warfare. Too late, military planners found that unless replacement troops were â€Å"trained rigorously and prepared psychologically for the carnage of the front lines, they would not survive long and tended to revert to cowardice when faced with violent action. †2 In trench warfare the abysmal living environment, illness, fatigue, loneliness, and constant fear of death created a hopeless feeling of fighting in a meaningless â€Å"never-ending† war. The psychological health of Allied troops was a crucial factor in relation to the positive morale and overall troop resilience, especially of those confronted daily with violent action. The infantry suffered the highest percentage of total casualties throughout the war, and was forced to fight in the worst conditions. The idea of a â€Å"never-ending† war was created in part by the demoralization of troops during the middle stages of the war, before an end was clearly in sight, and also because American troops knew there were only three ways â€Å"to escape from the front line with its discipline, anxiety, and horror: the unlikely sudden end of the war; a wound; and death itself. †3 Before the winter of 1941, Hitler had not considered, the threat of U. S. involvement in the war. However, when the U. S. declared war on Germany and Japan on the 11th of December, 1941, Hitler wholeheartedly believed Germany was ready to challenge Britain and America in a war of global magnitude. Hitler had previously assumed the U. S. would stay out of a European conflict to continue their chosen policy of isolation across the Atlantic. But Germany was not materially prepared for a global war drawn out for more than a few years. Though the U. S. lacked the discipline and fanatical loyalty the German troops showed towards their Fuhrer, Americans were not entering a war without national strengths. The Germans were renowned craftsmen and had the capability to produce high-quality weapons and war-materials but they were not equipped for the scale of production necessary for victory in a global war. However: the strengths of the American industrial tradition – the widespread experience with mass-production, the great depth of technical and organizational skill, the willingness to ‘think big’, the ethos of hustling competition – were just the characteristics needed to transform the American production in a hurry. 4 The U. S. as quite familiar with the technique of mass-production and implemented it very successfully. The American motor industry adapted so well to the program that â€Å"once the conversion was completed the industry began to overfulfil its orders. †5 Based on the opportunities of individual profit, many prospective entrepreneurs found that the war opened a door to the world of business. Germany had been making preparations for war since Hitler took control of the state on the 30th of January, 1933 and the American leaders were aware of just how far behind in production they were. The military weakness of the U. S. was a consequence of geographical and political isolation, but in only four years the giant plans approved by Roosevelt and Congress in the first weeks of war â€Å"turned America from military weakling to military super-power. †6 The strategy of mass-production encouraged individuals to involve themselves in the production of war materials, giving them a personal and unique sense of dedication to the war effort. Production began with Roosevelt building a wartime planning infrastructure, run by business recruits. He employed a strategy in which business was given a good deal of responsibility to further the war effort. The American approach to â€Å"production on this scale made Allied victory a possibility, though it did not make victory in any sense automatic. †7 Hitler was anxious for a victory over the Soviet Union, not only to satisfy a sense of retribution remaining from the German defeat of the First World War, but also to accomplish the goals he set out in his book, Mein Kampf, to attain Lebensraum, or living space for an expanding Aryan population. Even the war with Britain couldn’t distract him for long, and â€Å"in the summer of 1940 he turned his back on Britain, who could, he argued, be finished off by the Luftwaffe in good time, and looked eastward. †8 Hitler was so focused on the conflict against the Soviet Union, that he didn’t correctly prioritize the two conflicts and the necessary war materials needed for a victory in a war against a second front in the West. Hitler had an overabundant confidence in the superiority of German troops and German tanks and didn’t realize how decisive the Allied landing at D-Day and later the battle at Stalingrad would be. The landing on Normandy beaches were a welcome success after the months of small and costly victories in Italy and North Africa. Though Stalingrad is generally considered the most decisive battle of WWII, D-Day marked a major turning point for the Allies. The landing forced Hitler to fight a war on two fronts, which relieved some pressure from the Soviets’ bitter struggle against the Wehrmacht in the East. Hitler’s Germany was beginning to stretch thin, as â€Å"a great chasm opened up between Hitler’s plans and the material reality. 9 The Allies effectively used technology to gain the upper-hand to aide in the victory of the Second World War in Europe. The strategy of synchronizing air support with ground forces promoted forward surges of troops while destroying dug-in German fortifications and causing enemy casualties. In the Battle of the Atlantic, the British were able to crack the German naval code and use decoded transmissions to steer convoys of merchant ships away from the packs of waiting U-Boats. The Allies proved their organization and cooperation abilities during the Battle of the Atlantic. The British and Americans worked together successfully to â€Å"render redundant naval strategies still rooted in the battleship age†10 by the use of air power in groups called support escorts to keep merchant ships safe from U-Boat damage. The success of U-Boats destruction was increased with the use of long-range aircraft, radio, and radar. The warfare technology at sea was maximized, proving that â€Å"victory was a product of all those elements of organization and invention mobilized in months of painstaking labor. 11 Though the Battle of the Atlantic wasn’t won in any short span of time, it lasted for six years, the technological advances, communication improvements, and the coordination of British and Allied forces to predict U-Boat movement took Hitler by surprise. Hitler was confident that the superior German navy could easily gain control of the English Channel, but the Allies proved that in this specific battle â€Å"the careful application of air power, and the use of radar and radio intelligence, turned the tide. 12 Hitler had an overabundant confidence in the German forces and didn’t contemplate the outcome of an Allied victory because he believed Germans were racially superior. Though he wasn’t interested in a war with Britain or the U. S. , they stood in the way of the fruition of his goals of conquest in the East, specifically the destruction of the Jewish people and the downfall of the Soviet Union. Hitler underestimated the combined strength, organizational skills, and military power of the Allies and allowed his dreams of Eastern conquest to cloud his judgment concerning military priorities when faced with a pressing war in the West. His inaccurate estimation of the strength of the Allies and his inability to coordinate war efforts on two fronts, especially after Stalingrad, led to the downfall of the Axis powers. References Fussell, Paul 2003. The Boys’ Crusade. New York: Random House Printing. 136. Fussell, 97. Fussell, 107. Overy, Richard 1995. Why The Allies Won. New York: Norton Publishing. 192. Overy, 195. Overy, 192. Overy, 192. Overy, 13. Overy, 200. 10. Overy, 30. 11. Overy, 60. 12. Overy, 52.

Easy and Completely Edible Slime Recipe

Most slime recipes are non-toxic, but there are only a few you can eat and none that taste as good as this one! Heres how to make edible slime. Edible Slime Ingredients 14 oz. can of  sweetened condensed milk1 tablespoon of cornstarchfood coloring (or you could add a little unsweetened powdered drink mix)couple of drops vanilla or other flavoring, if desired Make the Edible Slime In a saucepan over low heat, stir together the milk and cornstarch. Stir and heat until the mixture thickens. Remove from heat.Stir in the coloring and any flavorings. Allow the slime to cool.Enjoy! When you are finished playing with this slime, store it in a sealed plastic bag in the refrigerator. Refrigerated slime is good for a day or two. You can clean up the edible slime with warm soapy water. If you added food coloring or drink mix, keep the slime away from surfaces which could be colored, such as carpet or upholstery.

Man Overcoming Great Obstacles Essay - 908 Words

Some believe to live is to suffer, and in Hemingway’s â€Å"The Old Man And The Sea† this philosophy is dealt with and viewed in many situations. In this poignant short novel Ernest Hemingway beautifully illustrates the trials and tribulations of everyday man, through Santiago’s struggle at sea. The old man’s adventure with the marlin is one of loss, pride, and achievement all combined into one emotional fight for life itself. Hemingway’s use of allegory in â€Å"The Old Man And The Sea† establishes many deeper aspects that man struggles with in everyday life. The numerous hardships and battles Santiago encounters on the sea can be viewed as conflicts man is forced to deal with in his lifetime. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;A use of symbolism†¦show more content†¦This represents the fact that in life one must move on and put great effort into tasks that are seemingly impossible when done independently. The absence of Manolin places emphasis on dealing with struggle when man has little to fight with. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;As Hemingway uses other figures to establish struggle, he also utilizes Santiago’s inner thoughts as symbolism. In amidst the battle at sea with the old man and the marlin he has a great revelation. This excerpt is Santiago’s opinion on his battle with the fish â€Å"But he seems calm, he thought, and following his plan. But what is his plan, he thought. And what is mine? Mine I must improvise because of his great size. If he will jump I can kill him. But he stays down forever. Then I will stay down with him forever.†2. This quote is an excellent summation of one of the main ideals of â€Å"The Old Man And The Sea†. Through allegory Hemingway establishes the fact that life is unpredictable. Santiago cannot predict the marlin’s actions; therefore he considers possible scenarios and his reactions to them. This is similar to how in life one cannot truly know the actions of other people, but one only knows his own actions. This quote also shows how in life a person receives both the good and the bad. In one scenario the fish would jump and be caught, but in another the fish would stay down forever as would the old man â€Å"The Old Man And The Sea†Show MoreRelated Characteristics of a Hero Essay533 Words   |  3 Pagesalways about your popularity or talent it can also be about how you help society. What I think make a great hero is someone who is able to overcome his or her obstacles in life, is highly motivated, and has plenty of bravery.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Overcoming obstacles may be one of the hardest parts of being a hero. I think it’s the hardest because a lot of people are blocked from doing something and just quit. A great example of this trait is Jackie Robinson. He was discriminated against because he was African-AmericanRead MoreAnalysis Of The Story A Worn Path By Eudora Welty1345 Words   |  6 PagesYoung Soul in an Old Spirit In the story of Phoenix Jackson, an old woman whose great courage on and overcoming great obstacles is brought to life in the short story from â€Å"A Worn Path† written by Eudora Welty. Now some of Phoenix’s most compelling evidence of perseverance comes from the path she has chosen to take and having the willpower to never give. Old age is not always the end of the road, but the journey it takes to get to that age is worth living for. The everyday struggle of an elder personRead MoreAnalysis Of The Story A Worn Path By Eudora Welty1357 Words   |  6 PagesYoung Soul in an Old Spirit In the story of Phoenix Jackson, an old woman whose great courage on and overcoming great obstacles is brought to life in the short story from â€Å"A Worn Path† written by Eudora Welty. Now some of Phoenix’s most compelling evidence of perseverance comes from the path she has chosen to take and having the willpower to never give. Old age is not always the end of the road, but the journey it takes to get to that age is worth living for. The everyday struggle of an elderRead MoreAchieving a Goal in In The Old Man and the Sea, by Ernest Hemingway820 Words   |  4 Pages When one is extremely dedicated, he might be more likely to achieve his goals. Santiago remains devoted to catching fish, which helps him to reach his aspirations. In The Old Man and the Sea, by Ernest Hemingway, Santiago shows dedication to overcoming his struggle with fish through the pain he suffers, the long journey taken, and the time without fish. Being dedicated to achieving one’s dreams, despite excessive amounts of pain suffered, can help to ensure success. 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In The Autobiography of Miss Jane Pittman, a series of obstacles involving slavery and the search for freedom continually affects Jane Pittman and those around her. Every character within the novel has their own unique way of facing these obstacles, but none of themRead MoreThe Blind Side By Michael Oher1023 Words   |  5 Pageswith what happens and what you’ve been given (The Obstacle). Many examples from real life may exemplify the preceding quote, but few do it in larger-than-life terms than the larger-than-life Michael Oher. Where he came from was, in many ways, a living nightmare. But as the biographical film The Blind Side clearly illustrates, Michael Oher did a lot with what happens, doing so with the help of a surrogate family who refused to let the young man s early life dictate his future. Directed by JohnRead MoreEssay On The American Dream In The Great Gatsby1217 Words   |  5 Pageslife. This dream is obviously still a dream today with the oppression, racism, and many obstacles standing in the way of success. However the US has made progress in recent years. In the 1920s, there was an incredible amount of obstacles in the way of success. One of the biggest being that if one was not a White Anglo-Saxon Protestant (WASP), it was extremely hard for them to reach their goals of success. The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald beautifully illustrates this concept with his main characterRead MoreOvercoming Obstacles Essay1306 Words   |  6 PagesOvercoming Obstacles What is life? Life consists of experiences, challenges, and achievements; all of which are building blocks that essentially create ones path to success. In one’s lifetime they can experience tough and difficult challenges. Sometimes these challenges become unbearable, especially when the odds are against you. However, going against all odds is something everyone is capable of doing, and to overcome these challenges everyone needs to have a â€Å"never quit† attitude in life.Read MoreSummary and Analysis of Ulysses1278 Words   |  5 PagesNietzsche and fashioned after the god Ulysses of Homers ancient Greek poem), on the other hand, it seems to be a gloomy prospect of death and the need to accept ones mortality. Yet even death itself is dominated by the powerful image of the self-reliant man. Optimism and confidence shines through, as Helstrom (1972) points out, right to the very end when the author exclaims: Something ere the end.. may yet be done (p.96). Old though he may be and sighting the end, the resilient sailor still hopes to

Financial Crisis World Wide - 952 Words

Financial Crisis World Wide All around the globe communities, no matter the race, have been experiencing a drastic crisis. A crisis so drastic the youth of the world, in some cases, are being deprived of the nourishment they need to survive. Families, which have been residing in the same area for generations, are being forced out of their homes. The financial crisis the United States experienced in 2007 not only effected the United States, but the rest of the world as well. The last time the world saw such an enormous crisis was during the great depression, which lasted nearly 10 years, from 1929-1939. The rich became more wealthy and powerful, while the poor, who make up the majority of society, lost everything they owned. The average family struggled to make ends meet, causing the production of material items to slow down. Because of this, factories, along with other types of big businesses, began to close their doors. Once doors closed, men and women began getting laid off, which essentially led to them losing their jobs all together. Job loss led to a lack of steady income, which made it nearly impossible for families to pay their mortgage and loans. Big Men who were on top, or in power, were more worried about collecting debt than boosting the economy. I believe these same Big Men were the reason society saw the market crash in 2007. With saying that, I will be discussing what lead up to the market crashing, along with why the market crashed in the UnitedShow MoreRelatedThe Financial Crisis And The Collapse Of The World Wide Financial System858 Words   |  4 PagesThe 2008 financial crisis was one of the worst economic times since the 1929 Great Depression. It led a worldwide economical, social, and political instability that shook the very foundation of the term â€Å"laissez-faire†, or free market. Millions of people around the world lost their homes and their jobs, while large corporations and entire countries were at the brink of ins olvency. Others, who are as unfortunate, lost their life savings and pension funds. But it is important to question what ledRead MoreThe Era of Cheap Petroleum Has Finished797 Words   |  3 Pagesexperienced, I indicated that the greater package of stimulus to the world-wide economy did not come from the massive rescue to the financial system but of the low systematics that had the price of the crude one when happening of the 147 dollars that reached the barrel the 2 of 2008 July, to the 35 dollars whereupon it initiated year 2009. 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The financial crisis began in United Sta tes in 2007 and spread to other countries. The crisis was triggered by a liquidity shortfall in United States banking system and resulted to the collapse of financial institutions. Asia is one major continent in which the recent financial crisis had spread. The impact of the crisis had far reaching effects on the economy of Asia than many people had anticipatedRead MoreThe World Experienced A Tremendous Financial Crisis Essay1131 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction In 2008, the world experienced a tremendous financial crisis which rooted from the U.S housing market; moreover, it is considered by many economists as one of the worst recession since the Great Depression in 1930s. After posing a huge effect on the U.S economy, the financial crisis expanded to Europe and the rest of the world. It brought governments down, ruined economies, crumble financial corporations and impoverish individual lives. For example, the financial crisis has resulted in theRead MoreEuropean Financial Crisis1172 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"European Financial Crisis† [pic] Rob van persie IBMS PT 2009 Preface This report has been written as an assignment for IBMS student. I have chosen to research European financial crisis; which has underlined the difficulty of taking concerned action in Europe because its economies are far integrated than governing structures. My research was focused the world crisis but especially the financial crisis between European countries and the inconvenient for the rest of the world. WorkingRead MoreHow Investment Banking Is The Business Of Raising Capital, Increasing Profit, And Advising Essay1455 Words   |  6 PagesInvestment Banking is the business of raising capital, increasing profit, and advising on any financial transactions. 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Due to these foreign investments into the economy, Singapore was able to prosper. The Aegean Islands was the highest percentage of Singapore s South Eastern Asian trade. As predicted by Stamford Raffles, Singapore succeeded in trade with the Aegean Islands, which made up 74% of Singapore s overall trade in 1825

Advanced Taxation Flynn Construction Company Limited

Question: Discuss about theAdvanced Taxationfor Flynn Construction Company Limited. Answer: Summary of the Case on Revenue Commissioners v OFlynn Construction Company Limited Issues: The case involves the composite transactions completed for the period from December 5 1991 to January 1992 with respect to profit derived from the qualifying exports to be exempted from the liability under corporate tax[1]. The case involved the issue on assessment of dividend declaration from the profit earned, which was relieved from the shareholders income tax. It was also observed that the case incorporated the certain addition under the basic scheme; it was considered that the dividend payment had been devalued since the securities of the exporting organization were held by other organizations. Facts: Facts of the case incorporated scheme under which the directors of the company received 60 million punts of dividend incentives as a tax- free scheme. It was noted that the taxpayer contended that the dividend should be disallowed from the assessment of the revenue since it was considered as tax avoidance, which associates with the transactions of export sales in order to avail the tax reliefs. Analysis of decision: Considering the issues and facts of the case, it was considered the company was engaged in the business of construction but it was not involved in goods manufacturing process while the company was also not involved in the business of exports. Accordingly, the Commissioner of Revenue contended that the steps incorporated by the taxpayer company involved tax avoidance measures and undertook several tax advantages to avoid the tax liability as per the Act of Corporations Act[2]. According to the regulations of Corporation tax in the region of Republic of Ireland is levied on the amount of profits earned by the companies with respect to the business operations. For the companies engaged in the manufacturing or construction business required to pay 10% together with the applicability of special rates in terms of advance tax rules[3]. Accordingly, in the present case study, judgment given by Supreme Court provided that the company entered in the dispute and unfair tra nsaction to avoid the tax therefore, distribution of dividend to the shareholders of the company would attract tax liability. Relevant case laws and cases: Regulations of Corporate tax in Ireland states that the business organizations if the company is involved in the unquoted securities, which is up to 90% of the tax, value reduction. Further, Corporation tax also provides tax credits for several business transactions that do not incorporate payment of dividend incentives[4]. Similar to the case of Revenue Commissioners v. Doorley Ors (1933) 1 I.R. 750, court held the taxpayer was involved in tax avoidance acts as per section 86 of Finance Act 1989 amended as section 811 under Tax Consolidation Act 1997. Reference List Cadot, Olivier, et al. "Are the benefits of export support durable? Evidence from Tunisia."Journal of International Economics (2015)97.2: 310-324. Contractor, Farok J. "Tax Avoidance by Multinational Companies: Methods, Policies, and Ethics."AIB Insights(2016) 16.2: 10. Grg, Holger, and Eric Strobl. "Does corporate taxation deter multinationals? Evidence from a historic event in Ireland."The World Economy(2015) 38.5: 788-804. 'Irish Statute Book' (Irishstatutebook.ie, 2017) https://www.irishstatutebook.ie accessed 4 February 2017

Social Security Essays - Withholding Taxes, , Term Papers

Social Security Social Security is a hot topic of debate today, since most American's believe that the system is near collapse. The trust fund that Americans have been paying into for Social Security is likely to dry up in 2029 due to the large number of baby boomers heading into retirement. Franklin Roosevelt set up Social security to help the people that had worked and Struggled all their lives in honest toil. Social security was set up to accomplish two main goals. The first goal of Social Security is to act as a disability or life insurance policy that protects almost all Americans. Currently, there are seven million survivors of deceased workers and four million disabled Americans that receive income support from Social Security. The second goal is to provide lifetime retirement benefits that rise with inflation. Social Security payments for retirees are needed to keep half of the elderly Americans above the poverty line. A large number of baby boomers believe that they won't see a dime's worth of Social Security benefits, and most younger people assume that once they have reached retirement the program will be gone. There have been many proposed solutions to the Social Security problem. A first possible solution is to dramatically change the Social Security Payroll Tax. Another proposal is to change amount of benefits of the provided by Social Security. A third reform proposal includes investing Social Security money in stocks either by the government investing the money or by setting up mandatory IRA investing. Another major development in the future of Social Security is the recent proposals made by President Clinton's Advisory Committee on Social Security. In January of this year the Advisory Committee on Social Security presented a report of strategies to save Social Security. Shortly after the 261 page report was released there was a huge increase of debates and criticism over the future of Social Security. The issue facing American today is when and how to reform Social Security. Although the American public and political groups are unwilling to accept the burdens of social security reform, extensive reform is needed soon to continue paying the current benefits to American citizens. A change in the Social Security tax is a possible factor of reform to bring the Social Security program back on track. Currently the Social Security tax is a flat-rate tax paid on all employment earnings up to a specified limit. Due to inflation the limit is increased every year currently it is just over $60,000. This tax is much harder on a lower income individual because the higher income individual is only taxed on their income that is below a certain amount set every year. It has been proposed that if the limit on the payroll tax were lifted, two-thirds of the projected Social Security deficit would be eliminated. Once the limit on the payroll tax is lifted a rise in the tax rate of the employers and the employees by 1.1% is predicted to be enough to solve Social Security's problems. This is assuming that two evasive actions take place. First the government will have to keep its hands of this extra tax revenue gained by the tax increases. Second the proposed solution will only have a chance to work if it is started immediately while the baby boomers are still able to add a little more cash to the trust fund for there own retirement. This solution isn't likely to be implemented by today's political system. The advisory council on Social Security would not pursue the lift of the limit because the support of the wealthy voters for Social Security reform would be lost. Americans are also weary of Social Security tax increases. The middle and lower class voters would also not support a Social Security tax increase. A recent poll by Money magazine found that 70% of the public is unwilling to pay more tax than the current 6.2% rate. Another proposed solution to Social Security's problems is a to decrease the amount of benefits received by retirees. The first way to reduce the amount of benefits that are being paid out is to adjust the CPI. Sen. Daniel Monynihan of New York (Dem.) has proposed that a 1.1% cut in annual cost-of-living adjustments for pensioners would be a reasonable solution to Social Securities problems. The adjustment of the CPI would reflect the belief by many economists that the CPI overstates current inflation. He claims that this would almost completely solve the problems in the Social Security program by insuring that the expected inflow